India is investing heavily in wastewater treatment — from textile parks and pharmaceuticals to housing societies and hotels — creating strong demand for reliable ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) and STP (Sewage Treatment Plant) manufacturers. This comprehensive guide explains how ETPs and STPs work, the main plant technologies, capacity options and indicative pricing in India, where and how they are used, and why V AQUA Water Treatment Company is a prominent manufacturer you should consider. It’s written for facility managers, builders, environmental consultants, and anyone researching ETP/STP solutions in India.
1. What are ETPs and STPs? Clear, practical definitions
- ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant): Industrial wastewater often contains chemicals, dyes, heavy metals, oils, suspended solids and other contaminants. An ETP is designed to remove or neutralize these pollutants so the treated water meets regulatory discharge standards (CPCB / state pollution control boards) or can be reused within the process.
- STP (Sewage Treatment Plant): STPs treat domestic sewage (toilet, kitchen, bathwater, greywater). Typical objectives are to reduce BOD/COD, suspended solids and pathogens so the treated effluent is suitable for safe discharge or reuse (e.g., gardening, flushing).
ETPs and STPs differ by feed characteristics, treatment stages and regulatory targets — ETPs require specialized processes for specific industrial contaminants while STPs are optimized for biological breakdown of organic load.
2. Types of treatment technologies (shortlist + when to choose)
Understanding technology types helps you pick the right vendor and design:
- Primary treatment: Screening, grit removal, oil–grease separators and primary sedimentation to remove large solids and settleable matter.
- Secondary biological treatment:
- Activated Sludge Process (ASP) — proven, adaptable for municipal/domestic loads; needs larger footprint and sludge handling.
- MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor) — compact, robust, lower footprint, better for variable loads; widely used for both ETP and STP applications.
- SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) — batch mode, controls nitrification/denitrification well — useful where space is limited and variable loads exist.
- MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) — produces high-quality effluent (near reuse standards) but with higher CAPEX/OPEX due to membranes and fouling control.
- Tertiary treatment: Sand filtration, activated carbon, UV/chlorination, chemical dosing, nutrient removal, and reverse osmosis (RO) for reuse or zero liquid discharge (ZLD).
- Advanced physico-chemical: Coagulation–flocculation, chemical precipitation (heavy metals), flotation (DAF), and specialised processes for toxic organics.
Use-case examples:
- Textile dyeing: coagulation + chemical oxidation + MBBR + tertiary polishing.
- Pharma: multi-stage physico-chemical + MBR or RO depending on API content and reuse targets.
- Residential township: primary + MBBR/SBR + tertiary disinfection for reuse.
3. V AQUA Water Treatment Company — who they are and what they offer
V AQUA Water Treatment Company is a brand operating under the RO Service Point (ROSP) umbrella that manufactures, supplies, installs and services water and wastewater systems across India — RO plants, softeners, DM plants, packaged ETPs and STPs, and related AMC/maintenance services. Their product range includes compact packaged STPs for homes, modular ETP systems for SMEs, full civil-work ETP/STP installations and AMC/operational support. Multiple pages on the company’s site describe these services and product offerings.
Why mention V AQUA? They position themselves as a one-stop provider for small-to-medium packaged plants (residential, commercial units) and offer installation + maintenance services across India — useful for customers who prefer a single vendor for supply, installation and long-term upkeep.
4. Who does V AQUA work with? Sectors and customers
V AQUA targets a broad client base:
- Residential projects (apartment complexes, gated communities, villas) — packaged STPs, mini STPs.
- Commercial buildings, hotels, and hospitals — STPs with disinfection and reuse systems.
- Small and medium industries (SMEs) — packaged ETPs for basic effluent streams.
- Service & maintenance contracts (AMC), retrofitting older plants, and turnkey installations.
Their site and service pages highlight installation, commissioning and AMC services, making them suitable for clients who value post-sale support.
5. Capacities and typical plant sizing (what “KLD” means and standard ranges)
KLD = Kilolitres per Day (1 KLD = 1,000 litres/day). Common capacity bands in India:
- Domestic / small homes: 0.5 KLD — 5 KLD (mini STP / package STP for villas and tiny complexes).
- Societies & small commercial: 5 KLD — 50 KLD (packaged systems, MBBR / SBR).
- Industrial units / mid-scale: 50 KLD — 500 KLD (modular/custom ETPs; physico-chemical front-end).
- Large industries / municipal: 500 KLD — 10,000+ KLD (civil works, complex designs, ZLD).
Vendors typically offer packaged units for 1–100 KLD and custom-built plants for higher flows. V AQUA lists mini STPs for homes and modular ETP installation services, indicating product availability across small-to-medium capacity bands.
6. Indicative pricing in India (realistic ranges, examples & references)
Pricing for ETP/STP varies widely by capacity, technology, feed characteristics, civil work requirements and required effluent quality. Below are indicative ranges and real-market examples (always request a site-specific quote):
- Small packaged STP / mini STP (1 KLD — 10 KLD): roughly ₹40,000 — ₹4,00,000 depending on materials (FRP/SS/MS), technology (MBBR/SBR), and automation.
- Packaged ETP (10 KLD — 50 KLD): commonly ₹3,00,000 — ₹10,00,000 depending on preliminary treatment and tertiary needs.
- Commercial / industrial ETP (50 KLD — 300 KLD): typical ₹7,00,000 — ₹30,00,000+; complex industrial effluents cost more due to dosing, DAF, chemical handling or RO.
- Compact packaged 20–30 KLD ETP: market listing shows compact packaged systems offered around ₹14.5 lakh for 20–30 KLD by one vendor.
- Smaller listed ETP pricing examples: marketplace listings show 30 KLD ETPs at low listed prices in certain directories (e.g., ~₹99,999 on a B2B listing) — treat such numbers as indicative starting product prices (often excluding installation, civil work, GST).
- Very small ETPs (2–10 KLD): vendor pages show quotes in the range of ₹3.65 lakh — ₹10.75 lakh depending on spec and materials.
Important: these are sample market figures — actual costs must include civil work, piping, pumps, blowers, chemical dosing systems, erection & commissioning and AMC. Always request an itemized quote and scope of supply.
7. Detailed technical specifications you should request from manufacturers
When comparing ETP/STP vendors, ask for clear, comparable specs:
- Capacity & design flow (KLD) — influent and peak flow design.
- Treatment train (primary → secondary → tertiary) — describe each unit: screen size, equalization tank, oil & grease removal, MBBR carrier type and fill fraction, clarifier dimensions.
- Process selection rationale — why MBBR vs SBR vs MBR for your feed.
- Material of construction — FRP/HDPE/MS/SS for tanks and piping (SS316/SS304 where corrosion or hygiene matters).
- Blower & aeration details — manufacturer, blower capacity (m³/hr), energy efficiency.
- Pumps — make, head, capacity, materials.
- Automation & control — PLC make, level sensors, SCADA readiness.
- Sludge handling — expected sludge yield (kg/day), dewatering options, sludge drying beds.
- Power consumption (kW per KLD) and typical operating cost estimates.
- Footprint & civil drawings — layout drawings including manholes and access.
- Guaranteed effluent standards — BOD, COD, TSS, pH, FOG, heavy metals (if applicable).
- Warranty, AMC & O&M training — duration and coverage.
- Certifications — CPCB/State approvals, if applicable.
Vendors like V AQUA advertise installation, commissioning and AMC services — make sure these are written into the contract. RoServicePoint
8. V AQUA’s typical product lineup & service offerings (summary)
From available product pages and service listings, V AQUA typically offers:
- Mini Sewage Treatment Plants for homes and small residences.
- Packaged ETP systems, installation & commissioning services.
- AMC and maintenance (preventive maintenance, on-site repair, operational training).
- Turnkey projects including civil work, mechanical supply and automation on request. (Contact numbers and demo/quote options are shown on their site.)
9. How to pick the right manufacturer: 8-point checklist
- Track record & references — ask for completed project references and visit an operating plant when possible.
- Technology fit — confirm the chosen tech is appropriate to your wastewater characteristics.
- Scope clarity — supplier should clearly state what’s included/excluded (civil work, piping, electrical panels, poles, transformers).
- Effluent guarantee — require a guaranteed effluent specification and penalties for non-performance.
- Energy efficiency — review blower/pump brands and expected kWh/KLD.
- Spare parts & response time — local spares availability and AMC response SLA.
- Compliance support — vendor should assist with CPCB/state PCB approvals and compliance documentation.
- Transparent pricing — line-by-line price breakup and lifecycle OPEX estimates.
Several industry lists and ranking articles (from specialist sites) provide vendor shortlists you can use to compare reputable manufacturers. Use these to compile 3–5 finalists for bids.
10. Typical installation timeline & project stages
Although exact timelines vary, a typical project flow:
- Site survey & feasibility: 1–2 weeks.
- Detailed engineering & civil drawings: 2–4 weeks.
- Procurement & fabrication: 4–8 weeks (longer for custom civil tanks and heavy equipment).
- Civil works & foundation: parallel with fabrication — 4–8 weeks.
- Erection, piping & electrical: 2–4 weeks.
- Commissioning & performance testing: 1–2 weeks.
Total small packaged plants (1–50 KLD): 4–8 weeks from order to commissioning. Larger turnkey plants may take months. Confirm schedule in the contract and include penalties for delays.
11. Operation, maintenance & AMC (what to budget for)
Ongoing costs usually include:
- Power (blowers and pumps are largest consumers).
- Chemicals (coagulants, polymers, disinfectants).
- Consumables (filters, UV lamps, RO membranes if used).
- Lab testing (weekly/monthly parameters).
- Labour / operator or outsourced O&M through manufacturer AMC.
Good vendors provide training, a startup support package and AMC options for predictable OPEX. V AQUA explicitly lists AMC and maintenance services on their site, which is valuable for customers lacking in-house operators.
12. Where are ETPs & STPs used — sector-by-sector examples
- Textiles & dyeing units: heavy color and TDS — ETP with oxidation and RO or advanced oxidation if reuse is needed.
- Pharmaceuticals: API residues — combined physico-chemical + MBR/ZLD solutions depending on toxicity.
- Food & beverage: high BOD — biological systems + oil–grease traps.
- Tanneries: chromium and sulphide handling — specialized chemical precipitation and disposal routes.
- Electroplating: heavy metal precipitation and sludge management.
- Residential & commercial complexes: STPs with disinfection for gardening and flushing reuse.
- Hotels & hospitals: STP with stringent disinfection + possibly RO for reuse in laundry or cooling towers.
Selecting the right vendor depends heavily on sector-specific contaminants.
13. Environmental compliance & incentives
- Regulatory standards: Ensure the design meets CPCB/state pollution control board limits for discharge or reuse (BOD, COD, TSS, pH, heavy metals).
- Documentation: Vendor should support preparation of consent-to-establish (CTE) / consent-to-operate (CTO) documentation and ensure sampling protocols during commissioning.
- Incentives & funding: Some state industrial development authorities or pollution boards offer incentives for installing common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) or for adopting zero-liquid discharge — check local schemes.
14. Comparing ETP/STP manufacturers in India — market snapshot
India’s ETP/STP market features large established players (Thermax, Ion Exchange, VA Tech Wabag) alongside many regional specialists and packaged-plant vendors (Netsol, Commercial RO Plant, local fabricators). For smaller turnkey projects and packaged units, many regional suppliers offer competitive pricing and faster delivery. Specialist lists and rankings compiled by industry websites can help build a shortlist.
Vendors vary by scale:
- Large EPC players — best for municipal, large industrial and ZLD projects.
- Regional specialists — ideal for mid-sized industry and campus-level projects.
- Packaged-plant specialists (like V AQUA) — great for residential/commercial packaged STPs and small ETPs with AMC support.
15. Real user experience & customer satisfaction — what to check
When assessing customer satisfaction:
- Ask for client testimonials and site visits.
- Check uptime & performance reports for at least 6 months post-commissioning.
- Verify response times during AMC (SLA for critical breakdowns).
- Look for training and documentation supplied at handover.
Vendors who offer AMC, operator training and remote monitoring typically score higher on long-term satisfaction. V AQUA’s service pages emphasize installation and AMC — this is a positive signal for buyers looking for end-to-end support.
16. Sample product / capacity matrix (simplified)
| Application | Typical Capacity (KLD) | Common Tech | Indicative Price Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Villa / small home | 0.5 – 5 | Packaged STP (MBBR/SBR) | ₹40,000 – ₹4,00,000 |
| Small society / commercial | 5 – 50 | Packaged STP / MBBR | ₹3,00,000 – ₹10,00,000 |
| Small industrial ETP | 10 – 50 | Physico-chemical + MBBR | ₹3,00,000 – ₹10,00,000 |
| Medium industrial ETP | 50 – 300 | DAF + MBBR / SBR | ₹7,00,000 – ₹30,00,000+ |
| Packaged 20–30 KLD compact ETP | 20 – 30 | Compact packaged ETP | Example listed ~ ₹14.5 lakh. |
| 30 KLD marketplace listing example | 30 | Generic packaged ETP | Marketplace listing example ₹99,999 (often ex-factory/limited scope). |
17. Eight practical tips before you finalize a supplier
- Get three competitive bids with identical scope.
- Demand guaranteed performance tests (e.g., 30-day performance acceptance).
- Ask for OPEX modeling (power + chemicals) for at least 1–3 years.
- Confirm spare parts lead time (membranes, blowers).
- Check local service network — shorter response times reduce downtime.
- Verify legally required permits will be supported by the vendor.
- Include penalties & retention in contract for non-performance or delayed commissioning.
- Plan for expansion — select modular designs if flows may rise.
18. Final verdict — why choose V AQUA (and when to look elsewhere)
Consider V AQUA when:
- You need compact packaged STPs or small-to-medium ETPs with installation and AMC included.
- You prefer a vendor offering local installation, commissioning and ongoing maintenance services (single vendor responsibility).
Consider larger EPC firms when:
- You have large industrial volumes, complex effluents (heavy metals, APIs) or require ZLD solutions — big EPC players bring deep process expertise, custom engineering and broader financing options.
19. How to request a quote — a short checklist to send to vendors
When requesting quotes, include:
- Site address and GPS coordinates (for site visit).
- Average and peak influent flow (KLD) and number of users (for STP).
- Typical wastewater characteristics (BOD, COD, TSS, pH, TDS, heavy metals) — send lab reports if available.
- Desired discharge standard (CPCB / reuse target).
- Available space and sketch (or request vendor site visit).
- Preference for material of construction (FRP / MS / SS).
- Include whether you want turnkey civil work or supply-only.
Vendors like V AQUA provide contact and quote options directly on their site for demos and site visits.
Why V Aqua is India’s Best ETP–STP Manufacturer
1. Latest Technology Designs
SBR, MBR, MBBR, ZLD, FBR, UF-RO systems—engineered with international standards.
2. Pollution Board Compliance Guaranteed
All treated water strictly meets CPCB/PCB norms.
3. Best Pricing in India
High-quality material with highly competitive pricing.
4. Custom-Built Solutions
Every plant is designed based on wastewater characteristics and space availability.
5. Energy Efficient Designs
Low power consumption, low operating cost, high life.
6. Strong After-Sales Service
24/7 support, AMC, operator training, spare parts availability.
7. On-Time Delivery & Installation
Projects delivered within committed timelines.
8. Durable, High-Quality Material
FRP/MS/SS structures ensure long lifespan with low maintenance.
Types of ETP & STP Plants Available
1. MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor)
- Best for industries and residential buildings
- Low maintenance
- Long operational life
2. SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor)
- Fully automated
- High-quality treated water
- Ideal for large industrial/commercial projects
3. MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor)
- Premium option
- Ultra-filtration + biological treatment
- Crystal clear treated water for reuse
4. Packaged Compact STP/ETP
- Plug and play
- Requires minimum space
- Ideal for hotels, schools, site offices
5. Physico-Chemical ETP
- For chemical, pharma, textile industries
6. ZLD Systems
- Zero discharge
- Evaporator + RO + UF based
Where ETP & STP Plants Are Used
ETP Usage:
- Textile, dyeing, printing
- Pharmaceutical manufacturing
- Chemical, electroplating, metal industries
- Food processing, dairy, beverage industries
- Automobile service centers
- Leather & tannery
- Paper & pulp
- Oil & refinery sectors
STP Usage:
- Housing societies
- Apartments & townships
- Commercial complexes
- Schools, colleges & universities
- Hospitals & hotels
- Malls, IT parks & corporate offices
- Government buildings
- Airports, railway stations & public places
Customer Satisfaction – The Heart of V Aqua
V Aqua focuses strongly on customer satisfaction, delivering:
- Transparent communication
- Timely support & AMC
- Operator training
- Real-time monitoring systems
- High-efficiency plants with 10–15 year lifespan
- 100% compliance with discharge norms
Thousands of Indian industries, builders and organizations trust V Aqua.
Why Choose V Aqua for Your Next Project?
- ISO certified manufacturer
- In-house expert engineers
- Strong logistics & nationwide network
- Complete documentation for PCB approval
- Free 1-year service support
- Best quality at best price in India
Closing & next steps
Investing in the right ETP/STP reduces environmental risk, ensures regulatory compliance, and can cut water costs through reuse. Start by shortlisting 3–5 vendors (include at least one major EPC and 1–2 packaged specialists such as V AQUA for smaller projects), request itemized bids, insist on guaranteed performance testing and include AMC in your procurement.
If you’d like, I can:
- Draft a request-for-quotation (RFQ) template tailored to your project (suitable for emailing to manufacturers).
- Build a comparison matrix (capacity, tech, price, OPEX, AMC terms) for 3 vendor bids — you can paste the vendor quotes and I’ll analyze them.
- Help write a technical scope to include in an LOI or purchase order.
Which of those would help you next? (If you want an RFQ template, tell me capacity, industry sector and whether you want turnkey or supply-only — I’ll draft it right away.)
